As of 1 January 2023, the euro area includes twenty Member States. Each one has a national central bank that takes part in euro banknote production, issuance, circulation, exchange and the handling of damaged notes. Together with the European Central Bank these national central banks form the Eurosystem.
The directory below points to the official homepage of each national central bank. Damaged banknotes, exchange rules and regional cash policies are described on those sites, usually under sections named "Banknotes", "Cash" or "Currency".
Euro-area national central banks
| Country | National central bank | Note |
|---|---|---|
| Austria | Oesterreichische Nationalbank | |
| Belgium | Nationale Bank van België / Banque Nationale de Belgique | |
| Croatia | Hrvatska narodna banka | Euro-area member since 1 January 2023. |
| Cyprus | Central Bank of Cyprus | |
| Estonia | Eesti Pank | |
| Finland | Suomen Pankki | |
| France | Banque de France | |
| Germany | Deutsche Bundesbank | |
| Greece | Bank of Greece | |
| Ireland | Central Bank of Ireland | |
| Italy | Banca d'Italia | |
| Latvia | Latvijas Banka | |
| Lithuania | Lietuvos bankas | |
| Luxembourg | Banque centrale du Luxembourg | |
| Malta | Central Bank of Malta | |
| Netherlands | De Nederlandsche Bank | |
| Portugal | Banco de Portugal | |
| Slovakia | Národná banka Slovenska | |
| Slovenia | Banka Slovenije | |
| Spain | Banco de España |
Eurosystem note
The Eurosystem is made up of the European Central Bank and the national central banks of the euro area. National central banks produce or commission the printing of euro banknotes following the Eurosystem's annual production plan, distribute them through commercial banks and check, sort and withdraw notes that are no longer fit for circulation. The article on who issues what explains how these responsibilities are divided between the ECB, NCBs, euro-area Member States and national mints.